Improved filter for oils



P HALLE FILTER FOR OILS, 6m.

Patented June 13, 1865.`

No.l 48,172

UNITED STATE-s` PATENT OFFICE.

PHILIPP HALLE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

'IMPROVEDV FILTER AFOR olLs, sm.

Specification forminwg' part of Letters Patent No. 48,172, dated une 13,1865.

To all whom it may" (Jonatan:l

.A Be it known that I, PHILIPP HALLE, of the city and'county` ofPhiladelphia,and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovemenztiin Filters for Purifyin g Oils 'and I do hereby declarethat the following is a full,

clear, and exact description of theconstruction land operation of thesame, reference bcinghad `to the annexed drawings, making apart of thisspecication, in whichf Figure lis avert-ical section of my invention.`Fig. 2 is a plan view and section combined of i my ilter. Fig. 3 isaplan andfelevation of one ot' the conical tubes; and Fig. 4 is a view,in part, ofthe space between-the walls of the outer 'case of the lter4and escape-pipe when heat is to be employed. c It is the object of .myinrention to simplify the filter for purifying oils, to render itadapt-`able to all oils, `however variable 4in density, and employ as altering medium a raw ibrous material withthe utmost economy; and to thisend my invention consists in the employment of a series of filteringvessels or tankshaving their bottoms fitted with conical tubes fittedwith raw cotton, and so arran ged as to be placedone within anotherandall within a hot-airzor steam jacketthat auy'desireddegree ofheat maybe` applied to the' lters-to purify dense or heavy oils', whetheranimal, vegetable, or mineral.

Like letters of reference refer to like part-s in all the figures of thedrawings.

, I construetmylter of any suitable material, but prefer metallic towooden vessels. In

fthe drawings the ilter is represented as made of sheet metal, andvconsists ot' three vessels, A, B, and C, one rwithin the other, A 'andB being removable and capable of being used" separately orl together,with or without being in. C, as shown in Fig. 1. I construct aplanesided-vessel, A, and rivet a diaphragm, a, titted with conicaltubes a', open at both ends,`

ot a length adapted to the size of theiilter,

. so that all the oil placed in A canonly'pass therefrom through theconical' tubes a', and these tubes I fill with plugs 11,'of raw cotton,

i packed more or less tightly to adapt the lilter to the rapidity ofwork desired or -a greater or less degree of purication'required. Nearthe `top of the filter A,'I"insert a perforated dia.

phragm, D, which rests on clips or projections d, fastened on the insideof the iilter A, thev purpose of this diaphragm D being tostrain the oiland arrest any and all coarse particles that vmay have been `associatedwith it when placed in the Ilter. 'The top ofthe filter A may haveacapor cover perforated to receive a-funnel or permit oiltobe poured or runthrough from any tank or from the barrels of crude mineral or otheroils.This perforation may have a cap, E, to turn on a screw or rivet, andwhen openedit will .permit oil to run into the filter,

and when closed will exclude dust.

The filter A when thus constructed Vmay be Vused alone or in a series ofany number desired, arranged on dii'erent planes,so that the oil willpass by its own gravity from one to the other through the whole number;or they may be arranged in series, the one withini the other,

as A and B are in the drawings.

For the lighteroils'the arrangement of my filters in series in eithermode will be found ef-V ,fective in perfectly purifying such oils as arepassedthrough them 5 but when themore dense fats-such as tallo'w or lardor the heavier coaloils or naphthas--are to be purified byfiltrationheat is necessary, and-this I supply in the `following manner:

A double-walled vessel, F, is constructed of two cylinders oi" sizesvarying sufficiently to admit a space between them. These, when thesmaller 'is placed withinv the larger, are both closed at their bottoms,and the space between them is-closed at the Vtop Vby a'band, f, prop-.erl y secured,'and thus'they render the space between the walls a closechamber, into which heated air or steam or hotwater maybe admittedthrough the pipe G and escape at the pipe H,the latter being shown on alarger scale in Fig. das connectedto the wallsoi' the vesselsand-communicating with thelair-space F. 1t

is obvious that when steam is used the water -of condensation may bewithdrawn through a `faucet' near the bottom of the chamber, and

that when hot water is used it may be passed in a continuous streamthrough between the walls of the vessel 5 or the vessel may be placeddirectly over a,properly-constructed grating, and the water within-itmay be kept at the temperature desired by the directapplication ofignited fuel. A

In the-vessel thus constructed I place one or more of my filters, which,where more than one is: used', must be made to fit each other neatly,and may be supported ou their flanges o and c' on the top c of thevesselF; but at Walls of the vessel'K, just above the bottom of itsinner cylinder.

, The operationis obvious: When, for example,

crudepetroleum is to be purified the tilter A is placed in filter B, theconical tubcsin each having previously all been carefully packed withraw cotton, and both filters are then placed Within the vessel F. Thepetroleum is now permitted to run from the barrel into the top ofthe'lter A, and as it passes over the perforated diaphragm D it willleave thereon all the coarse matter that may have been associated withyit in the barrel and fall 'through the perforations to the bottoni ofthe lter A, when it will pei-colate through the raw cotton in theconical tubes to the bottom ot' the lter B and through its'tub'es'to thebottom of the inmost cylinder of the vessel F, where it can be receivedthrough the cock K into any-suitable vessel, entirely separatedlfrom allimpurities that the filter can remove. Should the petroleum `be verydense, steam, heated air, or hot water may be kept iiowing between theWalls of the vesselF at anytemperature required to keep the oils'nciently iiuid to filter perfectly. '1u filtering mineral oilsthey may at timesbe found to contain a quantity of paraiine sucient to be profitablyseparated in the filter,

vand then it is obvious that my til-ter may be advantageously used forthis purpose simply by passing a` current of cold uid through the Wallsof the vessel Rand that thus the temperature may be so reduced Withinthe filters' as economically to separate the paraine, whichv can beeasily removed from time totime'as it may accumulate in the filters A orB.

What I claim as my invention, and desire .to

secure by Letters Patent of the United States. 1s

' l. -A filter for purifying oils, consisting of a close chamber havinga perforated-diaphragm top anda diaphragm bottom composed of a number ofconical tubes fitted with raw cotton, substantially in the mannerdescribed.

2. The use ofraw cotton in conical tubes, substantially in the mannerand for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of a series of two or more filters constructedsubstantially in the manner described, for lthe purpose set' forth.

4. The combination ot' one or more filters,

constructed substantially inthe manner described, with a heating orrefrigerating vessel constructed and arranged substantially in themanner described, forthe purposes set forth. In testimony whereof I havehereunto subscribed niy name.

PHILIPP HALLE. Witnesses:

Jos. I. PEYTON. WM. D. BALDWIN.

